Understanding and Caring for Calluses on Feet

byDerya •05 September

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What Are Calluses?

Calluses are thickened and hardened areas of skin that develop in response to repeated friction, pressure, or other forms of irritation. On the feet, calluses commonly form on the heels, the balls of the feet, and the sides of the toes. They serve as a protective mechanism, shielding the underlying skin from damage. While generally not harmful, calluses can sometimes become uncomfortable or painful if not properly managed.

Causes of Calluses on Feet

Footwear: Shoes that are too tight, too loose, or have high heels can create excessive pressure and friction on certain parts of the feet.

Walking Habits: Repeated activities that put stress on the feet, such as running or walking for extended periods, can lead to callus formation.

Foot Deformities: Structural issues like bunions or hammertoes can cause uneven pressure distribution, resulting in calluses.

Activities: Jobs or hobbies that require prolonged standing or walking can increase the risk of developing calluses.

Lack of Moisture: Dry skin is more prone to thickening and hardening when subjected to pressure.

Symptoms of Calluses

Rough, thickened areas of skin
A hardened, raised bump
Tenderness or pain under the skin
Flaky, dry, or waxy skin texture

Preventing Calluses

Choose Proper Footwear: Wear well-fitted shoes with adequate cushioning. Avoid high heels and shoes that pinch or rub against the feet.

Use Insoles and Padding: Orthotic insoles and padded socks can help distribute pressure more evenly across the feet.

Moisturize Regularly: Keep feet hydrated with a thick, emollient-rich moisturizer to prevent dryness and cracking.

Wear Protective Gear: Use protective pads or cushions on areas prone to calluses, especially during activities that involve repetitive motion or pressure.

Treating Calluses

Soaking: Soak your feet in warm, soapy water for 10-15 minutes to soften the callused skin. Adding Epsom salts can enhance the softening effect.

Exfoliation: Gently rub the callus with a pumice stone or foot file after soaking to remove dead skin cells. Avoid aggressive filing, which can cause skin irritation or injury.

Moisturizing: Apply a rich moisturizer or foot cream immediately after exfoliation to keep the skin soft and supple. Look for products containing urea, salicylic acid, or alpha hydroxy acids for extra exfoliating benefits.

Use Callus Remover Products: Over-the-counter callus remover pads or gels containing salicylic acid can help dissolve thickened skin layers. Follow the instructions carefully to avoid skin irritation.

Wear Comfortable Shoes: Ensure that your daily footwear provides adequate support and cushioning to minimize pressure on callused areas.

Consult a Professional: If calluses are painful, persistent, or if you have diabetes or circulation issues, seek advice from a podiatrist. Professional treatment may include custom orthotics, trimming of the callus, or other medical interventions.

Home Remedies for Calluses

Baking Soda Paste: Mix baking soda with water to form a paste and apply it to the callus. The abrasive properties help in exfoliating the dead skin.

Apple Cider Vinegar: Soak a cotton ball in apple cider vinegar and apply it to the callus. Cover with a bandage and leave overnight. The acidity helps to soften the callus.

Lemon Juice and Aspirin: Crush a few aspirin tablets and mix with lemon juice to form a paste. Apply to the callus, cover with a plastic wrap, and leave for 20 minutes before rinsing off.

Epsom Salt Soak: Add Epsom salts to warm water and soak your feet for 10-15 minutes. The magnesium in the salts helps to soften the skin and reduce inflammation.

When to See a Doctor

If you experience severe pain or discomfort
If the callus becomes very thick, or hard, or changes in color
If you have underlying health conditions such as diabetes, which can complicate foot care
If there are signs of infection like redness, swelling, or pus

Conclusion

Calluses on feet are a common issue that can often be managed with proper foot care and preventive measures. By understanding the causes and symptoms, you can take steps to prevent calluses from forming and effectively treat them when they do. Regular moisturizing, choosing the right footwear, and gentle exfoliation are key practices to keep your feet healthy and callus-free. If home treatments are not effective, consulting a healthcare professional can provide additional solutions to ensure your feet remain in good condition.